A provisional licence or learner permit allows you to drive, with some restrictions, so you can get the practice you need to become a competent driver before you take your driving test. You must only drive with an experienced person in the car. This driver acts a sponsor.
You are not allowed to take a driving test until you have your permit 6 months. There are some exceptions to this rule if you go to RSA.ie you can see all of the details there.
A learner permit currently lasts for two years for the first and second permit and for one year for the third. You should always carry your learner permit while driving. You must have a learner permit to take driving lessons from an RSA approved driving instructor..